ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 has surfaced as a global disaster eliciting severe respiratory illness, imputable to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since its inception, scientists and researchers have urgently aligned their research for the identification of potential biomarkers for early detection and to develop novel therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19 infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate critical cellular pathways in several human pathologies including viral infections and have surfaced as key modulators in mediating the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis as well. The virus-host interactions mediated through miRNAs have been of keen interest to researchers these days. Significant miRNAs have been reported, which might act as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The differential expression of miRNAs in mild and severely affected patients has paved the way for drug development and therapies. The mechanism and understanding the emerging role of miRNA for the virus and infected host cell interplay will contribute to therapeutic prospects and mitigate the burden of such similar viral infections. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Setting up an inpatient teledermatology service over 1 year at our National Health Service-based district general hospital made absolute sense on two grounds: The COVID pandemic and the ever-increasing role of teledermatology enabling dermatology departments, often with limited resources, to 'work smart'. Over a 43-week period, 124 referrals were dealt with on our teledermatology platform (around 12 referrals per month). Average response time to referral was 0.65 days: 56% same-day response, 32% next-day response;and 92% a response within 3 days. Following this, 32% of patients were seen face to face on the wards and 40% were dealt with via remote advice and guidance. Around 10% of referrals were deemed not to be appropriate for dermatology review/advice. Around 12% of referrals were given dermatology face-to-face outpatient appointments rather than review on the wards, and 7% were declined an appointment (pending further information being received) as insufficient information was given for triage/advice and guidance. Initially, just 10% of referrals were sent (first time) with clinical images, but this increased to 54% after 4 months, and although there has been some monthly variation, up to 64% has been achieved (noting that clinical images are not always required for the question being asked). Around 50 different diagnoses were made, illustrating the diversity and complexity of dermatological practice, and the scale of the diagnostic problems facing ward-based teams. Previously published data revealed that around one-third of inpatient dermatology referrals were for 'red legs', which was replicated in the current results, with diagnoses of venous or atopic eczema (14%), drug reactions (12%), skin neoplasia (6%), cellulitis/erysipelas (5%), intertrigo (4%), erythroderma (4%), Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (2.5%), bullous pemphigoid (2.5%), pyoderma gangrenosum (2.5%) and vasculitis (2%). Having an inpatient teledermatology service benefits dermatology departments, enabling efficient working, appropriate triage, training opportunities and ease of second opinions from colleagues. Benefits for referrers are acute ward-based teams including rapid responses to referrals, enabling skin concerns to be dealt with quickly and avoiding delays in investigation, treatment and discharge. Some hospitals where dermatology does not have a permanent base may be able to access dermatology advice and guidance via teledermatology. Overall, patients benefit from teledermatology and it is COVID secure.
ABSTRACT
Pandemic challenges demanded immediate solutions and continues improvement in solutions on field which motivated the entire world's research community to find an opportunity to provide speedy solutions to problems. Agile developments provide immediate improvements which functioned on the grounds of assorted health care units, medical facilities, pharmaceuticals and variants of COVID 19 cases. Agile developments proved its effectiveness for immediate solutions which take full advantage of aids to health and pharmaceutical organizations and also exploits worth rapport with health stakeholders. This springs a thirst for carrying out the study on agile developments and its effectiveness for health and pharmaceuticals so, the study focuses to design generic adaptive emergency agile model for Health care and pharmaceuticals to deal with Crisis pressure which will support COVID 19 medical research field.
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Mango processing waste (MPW) is an inexpensive and rich source of valuable substances. Hence, the mango kernel powder (MKP) from four cultivars (Chausa, Neelum, Barahmasi, and Dashehari) was characterized for the selection of the best cultivar. The MKP of the best cultivar (Dashehari) was analyzed for the profiling of polyphenols using LC-MS/MS in both modes of ionization (positive and negative) and indicated the presence of 50 compounds with specific retention times. After identification, gallic acid (GA), an important industrial compound, was targeted and purified followed by its confirmation using NMR (600 MHz) and HRMS. The antioxidant activity (IC50: 1.96 mu g/mL) of extracted GA proposes its use as a natural antioxidant in novel food formulations. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M-pro) was selected for molecular docking based virtual screening of seven major polyphenols (MKP), and the results were compared with hydroxychloroquine. The docking scores of targeted polyphenols revealed that three compounds (epicatechin, mangiferin, and quercetin) exhibited appreciable proteolytic activity against M-pro. In this way, it is a favorable approach toward environmental safety on the standpoint of green chemistry owing to the use of food processing waste and elimination of the waste dumping/composting problems.
ABSTRACT
In the recent times, digital financial services have seen exponential growth with expanded opportunities to individuals, especially women. In 2020, more than 240 million women, as compared to data of the year 2014, have a bank account and access to mobile payment services. However, compared to men, women are more likely to be poor and have less participation in the formal economy. They mostly find jobs in the informal economy. Therefore, there is a need to support women's financial status by providing them with appropriate infrastructure and resources and removing barriers to digital financial inclusion. In addition, the policymakers need to address the challenges in access to financial services for women, different laws and regulations, and limited access to technology. The study explores the challenges to women's access to online banking and policy options to strengthen women's participation in digital financial services. © 2022 IEEE.
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In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) epidemic a pandemic and whole education system came to a standstill. An immediate transformation from an offline mode to online mode of teaching learning was needed. Majority of teachers in India were not prepared for digital pedagogy. Regardless of serious difficulties and deep-rooted traditional teaching and learning methods, they quickly involved themselves in their professional learning virtually and adopted the online teaching methods to keep the system going on. Thus, the present study is focused to find the answers of the questions emerged out of this situation such as: (i) how teachers prepared themselves to come forward for gigantic initiative? (ii) How did they learn the digital online techniques? (iii) How the deficiencies of electronic gadgets, such as mobile phones and tablets were arranged in short span of time and made available to all the stakeholders? This is a qualitative study using phenomenological enquiry as an approach, participants were selected with purposive sampling technique and data were collected through the in-depth (semi-structured) interviews of 15 school teachers, 5 school heads, and 5 block education mentors from Punjab state of India. The findings of the study indicated that with continuous motivation, school teachers took the initiative to come forward for digital teaching and learning. Some teachers out of firm professional commitment managed to pursue their professional learning mainly through their own efforts. In addition, the Education Department provided online crash courses to teachers. The clusters of teachers having sound knowledge of technology collaboratively trained the teachers at block levels. Majority of teachers have their own gadgets but underprivileged sections were provided mobiles and tablets by the government and non-government agencies. A quick shift to virtual professional learning resulted in significant improvements in the learning outcomes of students. Hence, the study will motivate the teachers of other states to pursue virtual professional learning to update themselves. Additionally, it suggests that teachers ought to be part of forums, interest groups, and online professional communities to interact with peers and know how the rest of the world is doing with digital education. Copyright © 2022 Singh, Zamaletdinov, Kaur and Singh.
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The emergency situation due to the spread of COVID-19 has brought new requirements to Higher Education to continue the learning process. In musical ensemble class, performance practice is mandatory and plays a crucial role in musical education. The pandemic has forced all classes online, but for performance practice, it was mandatory to implement a new type of student-teacher interaction, such as e-tivity. It is a dynamic and interactive learning process led by a teacher online. The investigation of the efficiency of e-tivity for training musical ensemble skills was carried out in this paper. The research was tested through experimental work that took place at Kazan Federal University (Russian Federation). Due to a complete shift in the education process to distanced learning, all disciplines were studied online, including the specific musical courses that required collective work with face-to-face interaction. The curriculum of future music teachers includes an ensemble basic course to train students‘ musical performance skills in groups. For the study, 114 students from classes with instrumental and vocal ensembles were gathered and were organized by means of e-tivity based on several online tools, including Aiseesoft Video Converter Ultimate. This tool creates a video with a split-screen effect. By using such a tool, students created the video by following the teacher‘s instructions separately, and afterward they united their musical records in one video with a split-screen effect. At the end of the research work, musical artworks belonging to certain art styles, namely classical, Tatar and Russian folk music, and jazz, were collected. The analysis of the obtained data exhibited a high level of results in each criterion scale and effectiveness of the online work with musical ensembles. Students saw improvement in self-education by the means of creativity and critical self-assessment. The increasing frequency of students‘ listening of their own performance during the ensemble music-making by e-tivity brought advantages for the involuntary repetition process. Copyright © 2022 Karkina, Faizrakhmanova, Kamalova, Akbarova and Kaur.
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The eruption of chronic diseases such as COVID-19 has re-emphasized the need for people all over the world to have access to urgent healthcare. The latest pandemic has shown the flaws in the conventional healthcare system, namely that hospitals and clinics alone are incapable of dealing with such a crisis. Smart and integrated wearables are one of the main technologies that favor modern healthcare solutions (Godi, B., Viswanadham, S., Muttipati, A.S., Prakash Samantray, O., Gadiraju student, S.R.: E-Healthcare Monitoring System using IoT with Machine Learning Approaches. In: 2020 International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (ICCSEA). pp. 1–5. IEEE, Gunupur, India (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSEA49143.2020.9132937 ). These wearables can now gather data on an unparalleled scale thanks to advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT). Healthcare is among many fields that have been transformed by IoT, with the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) systems being introduced as an IoT branch. Patients with chronic diseases can be monitored remotely using IoMT systems. As a result, it can offer prompt diagnostics to patients, potentially saving their lives in the event of an emergency. However, protection in these vital systems is a major issue that has arisen as a result of their widespread use. This paper presents an overview of the technologies that are being used on IoMT as well as some security problems found in the literature. This survey will give an insight to the readers regarding the importance of security in healthcare and the different machine learning methods used to address that issue. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare diagnosis. A thirty-five-year-old female who was admitted to our hospital with fever, cough and breathlessness and positive RT-PCR for COVID-19 was diagnosed with spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. She was managed with symptomatic approach and oxygen therapy. Small pneumomediastinum usually requires close monitoring and follows an uneventful course. © 2022 Journal of Association of Physicians of India. All rights reserved.
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Advanced healthcare technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and deep learning, are required to counter and even prepare for new illnesses. As a result, we are examining IA's capacity to control and manage COVID-19 (Coronavirus) and other emerging pandemics. Using COVID-19 or Coronavirus and Artificial Intelligence or AI keywords, the material may be quickly found in the PubMed database. COVID-19 AI's existing understanding was analyzed to see how it may be used to increase COVID-19 AI's overall usefulness. Seven COVID-19 pandemic-related AI applications have been documented. The technology has the potential to locate the infection, track it through the system, and make forecasts about when the virus will infiltrate the whole system again. Decision-making tools are desperately needed to help combat this outbreak and allow healthcare institutions to gather enough information in real time to halt its spread. The primary objective of AI is to mimic human thinking using an expert methodology. COVID-19 vaccination production may also play a critical part in making sense of and advocating a similar project. This kind of technology is helpful in screening because of its emphasis on discoveries. © 2021 IEEE.
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The current pandemic situation due to Covid-19 has put every researcher on their toes to discover new methods (whether medicine or tools and techniques) to overcome the menace from the human population. The research focus has given the generation of enormous amount of both published literature and raw research data. The research impact analysis with the help of traditional method is a time-consuming process, resulted in choosing alternative methods of impact measurement - now popularly known as Altmetric. The article analyses social media metrics of Indian publications on Covid-19 through altmetric approaches. The data for the study has been taken from Scopus and Altmetric.com and analysis was carried out for different social media activities to calculate the Altmetric attention score for Indian published literatures. An analysis was also carried out to assess whether the alternative metrics have any correlation with the citation impact. It is found that correlation between some of the social media activities and citations is highly significant.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus are largest group of non-segmented, enveloped, zoonotic RNA viruses, characterised by crown-like spikes that project from their surface. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) are highly pathogenic coronavirus. It infects humans, non-humans and cause variety of diseases. CoVs mostly cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases from the common cold to more severe. Transmission may be symptomatic and asymptomatic. Human to human is the main driver of spreading COVID-19 infection. Various strategies are underworking to develop anti-drug or vaccines against COVID-19 pandemic. Different mitigation measures have been used to fight against (COVID-19).